Segati Kingdom

1. The History

The Segati Kingdom was established by Tuk Jayo Sati, grandson of Maharajo Olang from Kuantan. The Kingdom was situated in downstream of Segati River, 15 km from present Negeri Langgam, riverbank of Kampar. Centre of the kingdom was in Ranah Tanjung Bungo (present Negeri Langgam). When Tuk Jayo Tunggal took the reign, he moved the central kingdom to Ranah Gunung Setawur, downstream of Segati River.   

The Segati Kingdom had long history of commercial relationship with Kuantan Kingdom. The relationship was commenced when envoys from Negeri Gunung Sahilan visited Segati in a commercial trip and brought peppers which were bought by Tuk Jayo Tunggal and were sold in City of Macang Pandak Kuantan. The trade flourished as envoys from Gunung Hijau (it is assumed to be Pagaruyung) offered tin which was also bought and sold by Tuk Jayo Tunggal in Bandar Sangar, Kuala Kampar. Following the death of Tuk Jayo Tunggal, his son, Tuk Jayo Alam replaced him as a king of Segati.    

During Tuk Jayo Alam period, Segati Kingdom, whose central kingdom was in Negeri Ranah Gunung, entered glorious stage. It was marked by the increasing trade relationship with other Kingdoms such as Kuantan and Sangar. Main commodity for the trade was spices, particularly chili.

The significant development of the Segati Kingdom aroused envy of its neighboring kingdom: Gassib Kingdom. Under command of Hulubalang Panglima Huto (commandant), Gassib attacked Segati and succeeded in defeating Negeri Ranah Gunung Setawar. Datok Jaya Alam, the king of Segati, who escaped to upstream of Segati River, along with his loyal followers, established new Negeri (country) called Negeri Segati. The name was inspired by word sekati lada (pepper) which was last remain of stocks brought by Datuk Jaya Alam. In order to regain the throne, Datuk Jaya Alam who had gathered remaining powers begun to wage war againts the Gassib Kingdom. When he sucessfully redeemed Ranah Gunung Setawar, Panglima Huto went back to the Gassib Kingdom. The central Kingdom remained in Segati Negeri where Panglima Huto controlled the Kingdom.

Tuk Jayo Laut, the son of Tuk Jayo Alam, replaced his father as the Segati King. Word ‘Laut‘, which means sea, in his name represented his adoration of sailing. During his rule, the trade whose major commodity was pepper had grew significantly.  Tuk Jayo Laut then replaced by his son Tuk Jayo Tinggi, and Tuk Jayo Gagah respectively. Tuk Jayo Kolombai who succeeded Tuk Jayo Gagah then replaced by Tuk Jayo Bedil. He was the fisrt person who used bedil (gun). During his period, trade relationship with Malacca discontinued since Malacca was overruled by pirates of Peringgi (Portugueese). Hence, the trade was carried out merely with Kuantan through Negeri Ranah Koto Macang Pandak.  

Tuk Joyo Bedil was asked by Tuk Sangar Raja Dilaut ‘Malacca King‘ for supporting Malacca in war againts Peringgi. He agreed and delegated military forces which were headed by Panglima Kuntu. Along with Tuk Sangar Raja Dilaut, he attacked Peringgi in Laut Simpang Empat, Siapung Atas Island (Serapung). Both commandants are well known for their tough militiray forces which could control Kuala Kampar. After getting old, Tuk Sangar Raja Dilaut was replaced by his son, Tuk Sangar Raja Dilaut Muda.

Panglima Kutu then was pulled out to Segati and the military command was taken by Orang Besar (Person who had significant influence on society) in Segati from Gunung Hijau and Sultan Peminggih. Under these two commandants, many Peringgi ships (Portuguese pirates) were devastated. 

Years after, Aceh envoys came to the Segati and demanded the King to convert to Islam. The demand was then rejected by Tuk Jayo Bedil. However, Aceh still insisted in sending military expedition to conquer coastal area of Sumatra including Segati. Since pepper constituted the main commodity of Segati, Aceh considered it necessary to conquer Segati. In Addition, dakwah mission (Islamic promulgation) to make Islam as official religion in Segati was still in mind of Aceh. Hence, Aceh forces, which utilized water route as their strategy, attacked and successfully conquered Segati. 

When Aceh forces passed the territory of Tuk Raja Sangar Dilaut in Kampar River, he was allowed for the passing since Tuk Raja considered him as an ally who supported him in attacking Portuguese. Aceh forces then could go through the River and attacked Segati.

Since Segati military forces were not strong as Aceh, Segati could be easily defeated. In the expansion, Aceh also conquered Gassib.

Afterward, Tuk Jayo escaped to Petalangan Napuh and continued to Kuantan. Segati then reestablished and used different name ‘Tambak‘. Soon after, the center of kingdom was moved to an estuary with new name called Langgam. The remnants of Aceh attack can be seen in several places such as Rencong Aceh, Pangkalan Aceh, and Lubuk Aceh

2. The Kings of the Kingdom

Below were the rulers of Segati

1. Tuk Jayo Sati
2. Tuk Jayo Tunggal
3. Tuk Jayo Alam
4. Tuk Jayo Laut
5. Tuk Jayo Tinggi
6. Tuk Jayo Gagah
7. Tuk Jayo Kolombai
8. Tuk Jayo Bedil

3. The Kingdom Period

In history of Segati, eight kings had ever been in throne of Segati. However, the period of each king is still unknown. Segati Kingdom, Aceh, Malacca existed in the same period. Hence, it can be estimated that the establishment of Segati Kingdom was in the 15^th century and ended in the 16^th century.

4. The Kingdom territory

Segati was small area that encompassed several villages in downstream of Segati River. Compared to recent situation, the total width of Segati Kingdom was similar to that of kecamatan (Sub-district). Segati control downstream of Segati, present Langgam. 

5. The Kingdom Structure

In the process of data collecting

6. The Socio-Cultural Life

Most of Segati people were Buddhists. The detailed information about their religiosity and religious rite, socio-cultural life, and daily behavior were unknown. It was due to limitation of historical records on Segati especially written documents.  

To meet daily basic needs, Segati people mainly relied on agricultural sector. In the glorious period, trade sector became another major economic income for Segati people